The global climate warming occurs the fastest in polar latitudes. It contributes to the improvement of transport accessibility in the Arctic region, and, consequently, it creates risks of technogenic contamination. Heavy metals (HM) are among the most common technogenic pollutants which may negatively affect the functioning of the Arctic’s terrestrial ecosystems which are based on soil. Studies of an actual content of HM in the soils of Novaya Zemlya (NZ) have not been practically carried out, and the purpose of this work is to establish the content of HM in the soils of Severny Island in the NZ archipelago. The research objects are territories in regions of Russkaya Gavan, Ledyanaya Gavan, Blagopoluchiya Bay, and Cape Zhelaniya. The soil cover in the northern part of Severny Island has a mosaic structure. On Severny Island, among studied soils, Cryosols (Loamic) prevail. Soils of studied regions on Severny Island are mostly loamy and clayey. The proportion of physical clay increases down the profiles. All studied soils of NZ are alkaline and highly alkaline. In general, studied soils have an acceptable level of HM contamination. The weighted average gross content of HM in it varies insignificantly, however, the excess of threshold concentrations for the following elements was recorded: Zn (1.05 maximum permissible concentration (MPC)) – Russkaya Gavan; Cu (1.04 MPC), Fe (1.03 Clark), V (1.11 MPC) – Cape Zhelaniya; Fe (1.12 Clark) – Ledyanaya Gavan, which, apparently, is caused by its high content in the mother breed. Our statistical analysis showed that chromium and vanadium have the most correlations with other elements. These elements appear to be rock forming in this area. The results obtained confirm the necessity to monitor studied territories, and it will help assess a degree of pollution and prevent a risk of an environmental disaster in the future.