Analytical review of the literature devoted to obtaining and to study of properties of organic and organomineral fertilizers based on a wood bark was performed. Biotechnological methods of wood bark processing under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were considered. Methods of obtaining of new fertilizers on the basis at birch bark - biocomposite organomineral fertilizers with the prolonged action were described. The promising directions were defined for advanced studies on the field of fertilizers obtaining from wood bark.