In this paper research of the structure of dispersely – reinforced basalt fibre cement stone with the purpose of getting foam concretes with improved performance characteristics is carried out. The results are given of the study of the processes of structure formation of the cement system, dispersеly – reinforced by basalt fibre, consisting of a number of thinner fibres that actively interact with cement matrix in a chemisorbed manner. Interaction takes place only in the surface layer, basalt fibre integrity being preserved in the cement stone. The effect of “fullness” is observed at that and availability of cement adhesive vacuum absorption is assumed. The suggestions mentioned are confirmed by physical and mechanical tests of foam concrete samples possessing enhanced durability, frost resistance and longevity.