The study tested structural shifts of Russian economy, characterizing it’s involvement into the processes of globalization. The significance of Russian economy was defined within the following markets: capital and investment resources exchange; exchange of natural resources, means of production and consumer goods; exchange of human resources; exchange of technologies and innovations. The level of globalization of Russian economy was expressed through popular indexes. Authors gave their estimation of the place of Russian economy in modern processes of globalization. Russian economy indexes were analyzed by Authors in details and collated with developing countries’ economy indexes. As a result Authors concluded a low level of involvement of Russian economy in global processes and substantiated the importance of Russian domestic implementation of human capital and research capacity, with the necessary application of deliberate government policy.