We are making a research of the mutual influence of natural and ecological, cultural and economic, socio-political and other components of the 18-19th century Yenisei Siberia on the basis of introducing the term of “socio-ecosystem” into historical studies. The aim of this publication is to define the stages and general results of Russian old residents’ community formation in the Yenisei Siberia socio-ecosystem.

A stable hereditary old resident peasantry had formed by 1760. We come to the conclusion that the Russian old resident society in the Yenisei region is a historical reality in the ecosystem of the Yenisei Siberia in the period under study.