The article is focused to the issue of the relationship between education and upbringing. Based on an analysis of the human spiritual situation, the authors philosophically justify the urgency of complex cultivation of human reason that cannot be simply reduced to the handing over and adopting of knowledge and developing of rationality. The belief is considered to be a constructive base of the reason. Belief gives grounds for the values the human reason is based on and, as human reason is established by values, upbringing should be oriented on values, as well.