The object of attention in this article is perceptual presupposition, which determine the Chinese Russianists' reception of modern Russian literature and are explained by the specifics of the history of academic reading in China. Under the influence of the policies, like Correction of Mistakes and Emancipating the Mind, Chinese literary scholars comprehended their experience of reception of Russian literature soberly and objectively. They found it necessary to eliminate the gaps, correct the distortions and rehabilitate the writers. The fact of distorted submissions of Russian literature in the twentieth century and the causes of distortion that Chinese scientists has been awared, generate an important of the full view. This presupposition shows in two ways. One is an effort to maximum grasp literary material in order to avoid new lacunas, the other is conscious need of not limiting by epistemologically ideological analysis, preferring to study the literary phenomenon as a socially determined formally meaningful unity. Another presupposition of research is systematization of representations in modern Russian literature, which shows the definition in four aspects, first, the key social-cultural and proper literary events that defined the movement of literature, second, literary trends, third, aesthetic directions or trends, fourth, attempting to combine the topical literary phenomenon, and to single out the leading subjects.