Humanities & Social Sciences, Vol 13, No 10 (2020)

Multivariance of the state structure of federalism (comparative historical and state studies)

Aleksandr Guliakov

Abstract




Resume: The article substantiates the need for a historical and state studies approach by analyzing the models of federalism inherent in different countries. The structural elements of any model include the prerequisites and reasons that contributed to federalization, the essential characteristics of federalism (including the genesis characteristics, historical typology, development vector), the main stages of development of federalism.Using systemic and comparative methods, the author shows and explains the peculiarities of federalism in the mentioned countries by the example of considering three first-settlement models inherent in the United States, Canada, Australia, one European (German) and Russian models. In particular, more favorable conditions for the formation of federations in first-settlement societies are noted and the known difficulties of their approval in Europe (for example, Germany). The ideologically innovative nature of Soviet federalism and the rational construction of Russian (post-Soviet) federalism, which has not abandoned a high degree of centralization, are demonstrated.The presented materials, according to the author, help not only to see new shades in the state structure of federalism, but also contribute to the development of the concept of reforming federal relations.