In this article, based on well-known literary data, the motor asymmetry of a person in the training process of aerobic cyclic sports is considered. The authors have analyzed the features of manifestation and consequences of the formation of motor asymmetry, and assessed its impact on sports performance. Motor asymmetry has been found to be based on the genetic characteristics of the organism, but the lateral phenotype may change during a multi-year training process under the influence of physical exertion. Excessive asymmetry has been shown to cause various pathologies and injuries. The results of the study indicate that in aerobic cyclic sports motor asymmetry can be both a factor contributing to the growth of sports performance and a limiting one, depending on what function this or that part of the body performs. Despite the repetitive cycle of motor actions, typical for cyclic sports, only in 3 out of the 8 considered functions performed by limbs or a certain part of the body, motor asymmetry was a limiting factor. This allowed the authors to predict a possible conceptual scheme of motor asymmetry control in aerobic cyclic sports.