Biology, Vol 8, No 1 (2015)

Regularized oviposition of the fir sawyer beetle (Monochamus urussovi Fisch.): do adult females reduce larvae competition for food resources?

Olga P. Sekretenko, Anton V. Kovalev, Vladislav G. Soukhovolsky

Abstract


The fir sawyer beetle is a xylophagous species that develops outbreaks in boreal coniferous forests. Females deposit single eggs under the bark through slotted holes that they make by their mandibles. These oviposition scars are clearly visible while the tree is alive. Larvae feed on phloem and sapwood for one or two summers. Under the bark each larva forms compact damage area close to the oviposition scar. One larva needs an area of no less than 50 sq cm for feeding. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that adult females optimize the eggs' spatial pattern to reduce the possibility that the feed zones of expectant larvae will overlap one another. This oviposition strategy reduces larvae competition and enhances their survival. During the outbreak’s peak phase the stems of damaged fir trees were photographed and the coordinates of the 317oviposition scars were recorded. Spatial statistics was used to determine that the distribution of eggs on the stem surface is regularizes: close to the oviposition scar the number of another scars are less than this number for the independent distribution of points. The point process model with negative interacion between points was fitted to the oviposition locations data. The force of the repulsive interaction was found diminishing with increasing of the distance between the scars. The radius of interaction was estimated to be 4 cm. Therefore, the reproductive strategy of the fir sawyer beetle includes oviposition behavior aimed to minimize larval competition.