The Giant Snail Achatina fulica as a Candidate Species for Bioregenerative Life Support System
Abstract
The capability of snails to consume and convert inedible plant biomass and a kitchen waste was tested. Among the tested feeds the potato peels appeared to be the best consumed. Inedible biomass of wheat and cabbage were worse than lettuce leaves which is an ordinary feed for snails. In order to describe the growth of giant snail Achatina fulica the logistic function was fitted to the experimental data. It was found that calculated specific growth rate and carrying capacity, as constants of the logistic function, are 0.65 month-1 and 170 g of wet weight correspondingly. Mass ratio shell/soft body in terms of wet weight was within 0.15-0.21. The calculated total mass increment reached maximal value of 27.6 g/month at the age of 12 months. Snail meat was characterized by the low fat content – 1.2 %. Essential fatty acids made 25.8 % of total fat lump. In a pool of n-3 and n-6 essential fatty acids linolenic and linoleic acids dominated. The scores of essential amino acids, except sulfuric amino acids, exceeded 100%. To estimate dietary properties of snail meat, the computer program was developed. It was calculated that the maximum intake of snail meat can reach 497 g/crewmember*day. Addition of snail meat to a basic diet allows increasing food independence of Bioregenerative Life Support System up to 97 %.