A geochemical survey of contamination by lead was conducted for soils of the Republic of Tatarstan. 1170 topsoil samples were collected from different soil types. The effect of land use type (natural, agricultural, urbanized) on content and mobility of lead in the topsoil was evaluated. The method of regression trees was used to study the structure of interactions of lead with other soil properties (organic matter, physical clay, Fe, Mn, pH). The relative contribution of soil properties on the content and the mobility of lead in soils were assessed. The results showed that lead in the soils under natural and agricultural land use types has primarily not anthropogenic origin. Correlation of lead content and mobility to the soil components depend on the soil type and land use type.