In this study we investigated content and distribution of natural radionuclides ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in six main types (subtypes) of soils developed in friable alluvial sandy deposits within various layers of relief of central Yakutian plain. The minimum concentrations of these radionuclides were registered in forest soils of an eluvial row developed on weathered sandy deposits of high level, whereas the maximum concentrations were detected in forest pale-yellow and meadow-steppe soils developed on loess-like carbonate loams of the middle level and in polymictic sands of the lower level of the plain respectively. Besides the structure of soil forming rocks, the soil formation processes in these soils, such as humus-accumulation, podsolization, bleaching, intra soil clayization have a significant effect on content and distribution of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K.  In studied soils ⁴⁰K was distributed by eluvial and even manner, whereas the intra profile distribution of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th was more variable, and had accumulative, eluvial, accumulative eluvial, accumulative eluvial-illuvial and accumulative illuvial patterns. We have revealed statistically reliable correlation between ²³⁸U and ²³²Th content and humus quantity together with the content of clay and silt in studied soils.