The feasibility of studying the transport mobility of the population based on the monitoring of mobile subscribers was proved. Technical, legal, statistical, organizational and economic aspects of the implementation of this area in terms of the Russian Federation, as well as experience in implementation of this trend abroad were considered. Development of methods, technologies and software system for the study of mobility of the population in the city will optimize the development of the road and route network of passenger transport in the city of Krasnoyarsk and the Krasnoyarsk Territory.