The article is devoted to the conception of ideal brotherhood in M. Prishvin’s journals and works of fiction written during the WWI and in the years of revolution and post-revolutionary time. (This subject was never analyzed in special studies.). Considering M. Prishvin’s journals and fiction written in 1914–1923 we reveal the following subject: the way of individual who gets the experience of the discovery of the new world. We also reveal the story of salvation as coming through the "veil" of enmity in his texts. We explore the connections between such a concepts as "New Adam", "Wanderer", "Priesthood in the World", "Community", "Brotherhood", "Brotherly Line" and also between "New World", "Church", "Commune" and "Mir" (Community). The conclusion is that the idea of the "New World" and "New Man" is conceptualized in Prishvin’s diaries in the context of the Gospel. It means the spiritual transformation of the person that helps to open Kitezh in everyday life. Prishvin’s understanding of the way to Kitezh as a kenotic way of personality is described; it means belittling the “I” to reach “the Оther”. The concept of "intimate attention to the world" as the Creation of Brothers is clarified. We come to the conclusion that the image of Brotherhood is conceptualized in the Prishvin’s works in two contextual aspects. The folk ideal of search of the Kitezh is included by M. Prishvin into the dialogue about the brotherhood as a "single-multiple" reality that can be found in the works of Russian Christian personalists: A. Meyer, А.Ukhtomsky, A. Gorsky, N. Setnitsky.